01 - Preheat your oven to 350°F. Thoroughly grease and flour a 9x5-inch loaf pan, or line it with parchment paper for easy release.
02 - In a medium mixing bowl, whisk together the all-purpose flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt until well combined. Set this mixture aside.
03 - In a large bowl, using an electric mixer, beat the softened unsalted butter and granulated sugar together until the mixture is light, fluffy, and pale, approximately 2–3 minutes.
04 - Add the large eggs one at a time to the butter mixture, beating well after each addition until fully incorporated. Stir in the lemon zest, fresh lemon juice, and vanilla extract.
05 - Gradually add the reserved dry flour mixture and the whole milk to the wet ingredients, alternating between them. Begin and end with the flour mixture. Mix until just combined, being careful not to overmix the batter.
06 - Pour the prepared batter evenly into the greased and floured loaf pan, smoothing the top surface with a spatula.
07 - Bake for 45–50 minutes, or until a wooden skewer or toothpick inserted into the center of the cake comes out clean. If the top begins to brown too quickly, loosely tent the pan with aluminum foil.
08 - Allow the baked lemon loaf to cool in its pan for 10 minutes before carefully inverting it onto a wire rack to cool completely. Ensure it is fully cool before glazing.
09 - To make the glaze, whisk the sifted powdered sugar with 2–3 tablespoons of fresh lemon juice in a small bowl until the mixture is smooth and pourable. Drizzle the glaze generously over the completely cooled cake. Allow the glaze to set before slicing and serving.