01 - Preheat oven to 375°F. Line a 12-cup muffin tin with paper liners or grease thoroughly.
02 - Whisk together the flour, sugar, baking soda, baking powder, and salt in a large bowl until evenly blended.
03 - In a separate bowl, whisk together the buttermilk, melted butter, and egg until fully incorporated.
04 - Pour the wet ingredients into the dry ingredients. Stir gently until just combined, being careful not to overmix.
05 - Fold in the raisins and caraway seeds if using, distributing evenly throughout the batter.
06 - Divide the batter evenly among the prepared muffin cups, filling each about three-quarters full.
07 - Bake for 18 to 20 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean.
08 - Allow muffins to cool in the tin for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack to cool completely.